Improvement in drilling artesian wells



`- To all whom 'it may concern:

ofthe city of Buffalo, county ofErie, and State in the construction anduse ofja swivel at-f tached to endl revolvi'ngupon the-face of theyNITED STATES Pfn'r'nN'fr OFFICE.

,IMPROVEMENT iN DRinLlNe ARTESIAN WELLS.

specification forming part of Leners raient No.b 4s,co5,' ifitea.n11y1,1s6o.

Beitknown that I,` SALMON J. WADswoRrn,

of New Yorlr, have invented'a newl and ImprovedfDevice forkDrillin'gArtesian or Oil Wells; and I do hereby declare thatthe fol-` lowing isafulliclear, and 'exactdescriptionlV thereof, reference being had 'tothe accompanying drawings, making a part of this Specie-j ration, inwhichl Figure I is anelevation of my improved de-,g

, vice, shown in'l connection with a derriok of] 4,common construction.Fig. His an elevation 'l of the operating-wheel, the drill-rope beingreleased from thelifting-cam. Fig. I lI is acrossf section of theoperating-wheel, showing the center swivel thereon; and `1[1i 1;. Vis atopV view of the same and the lifting-oam connected therewith.

\. The nature of this.inrentionconsists,inst,l lin the construction andoperation 4of a wheel revolving upon the free end ot' a shaft andcarrying a semicircular (or nearly so) cam on the i facethereof, bymeans ot' which the up and; down, aswell as the necessary intermittentro-g tary or twist, motion may be givento a drill `i y rope for drillingArtesianor oilwells; second,1

operatingwheel, to which the drill-rope is connected. i j l y Lettersoflike name and kindrefer to like;`

parts in each of the figures; f A representsapwheel revolving upon the@free end of a shaft supported in journal-bealr-f,

ingso. y I n B 1s af semicircular camV secured tothe face thereof, whichforms ai groove at one endend 5 und may be varied C represents aswiveljcomposed of Vn tlat' pieceof metal revolvlng upon its center c3,

with ears or projections at end cz, through which 'a rod, o', passes,said-rodbeing held by :t nut on one side and forminga ring'nponthe lother, towhich Vthe drill-rope X is-at-tachetl.

D 4D are pulleys placed w'ithine` derrick, E,

of commonconstruction. Tl1e ,drill-rope X passes over. these pulleys ina common manner.; F is the drill-tube, in which the rope and drill moveup and down, and which guides Said movement.

The operation maybe described simply as follows: Power is applied to thewheel Aand the 'saine revolved in the direction of thearrows in thedrawings. ,its wide and grooved endrtou'ches the rope it will wind it upin the groove, as shown in Fig. I, at the same time 'twisting the rope,ywhile the swivel C andthe rod c will remain stationary until the ropeis released from -the cani, atl which time the rope'X being loosenedallows the swivel C and thev rod e to turn, thns releasing a part of thetwist given to the rope bythe revolution of the wheel A and cam B,leaving only a portion to be communicated to the' rope beforereaching'the pulleyD, and so on through v the difterentnsectionsot'...therope `to the drill, thus giving it a slow and automaticalrot-ary mo'tion. At the-place where the thickness of the cam Bdiminishes or vslopes down to the level of the face of wheel A vthe ropewill slide oi the cam, and, being thus released, will drop the drillwithin the well as fast as the weight of the tool will permit. This isshown at Fig. II.

e., the'twist given the rope bythe wheel A andcam B will only reach topulley D, and be communicated' to the balance of the rope at the timeVthe rope is released by cam B and loosen-pon the pu1leysready todescend'.

This is the cheapestfsimplest, and most per- `fect niodeof giving tothedrill-rope of an np- -peratus f for drilling-*Artesian orloil wells the4 frequisitemotionand twist. f fis made sloping down to the level of theface ot' wheel A upon the'other end, all which isV l representedatFi'gJV. Thiscam may beinade of larger or smaller diameter, butalwnyswith` in the'diameter of wheelA Min length fas occasion'reqnires'.

'By increasing the diameter otthefwheel or varying-theposition'of theswivel or cam' the length of st'roke'of the drill and rope,`as wellasth'e rapidity of'wstriking. the rook, may be.

When the cam, with A The twist given to the rope 4vwill coinmui. ,nicateto the whole length thereof in sectionsits rod c', in combination

